Which are signs and symptoms of Meniere's disease?

• A. Vertigo
• B. Tinnitus
• C. Unilateral nerve deafness
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Menière's disease presents with a classic triad from the inner ear: vertigo, tinnitus, and fluctuating unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (nerve deafness). The spinning episodes (vertigo) come from abnormal signals in the inner ear and can last minutes to hours and may be accompanied by nausea. Tinnitus arises from cochlear involvement and is often described as a ringing or buzzing in the affected ear. The hearing loss tends to be sensorineural, usually on one side, and can fluctuate, sometimes progressing over time. A feeling of fullness in the ear is also common. Because vertigo, tinnitus, and unilateral nerve deafness can all occur together in this condition, selecting all of these signs best captures the disease presentation.