Which statement describes Meniere's disease?

• A. It is an idiopathic chronic condition associated with water in the ear
• B. An acute bacterial ear infection
• C. A visual impairment
• D. A degenerative spinal condition

Answer: (A)

Meniere’s disease is a chronic inner-ear disorder in which excess endolymphatic fluid causes episodic vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and a sense of fullness in the ear. The key idea is a fluid imbalance inside the labyrinth, leading to these recurrent symptoms over time.

The statement describes it as an idiopathic chronic condition associated with water in the ear, which fits because it emphasizes the chronic, often unexplained nature and the inner-ear fluid imbalance. This differs from an acute bacterial ear infection, a visual impairment, or a degenerative spinal condition, which don’t produce the characteristic combination of vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus.

In practice, anticipate safety needs during vertigo episodes, assess and monitor hearing, and support management strategies such as sodium restriction and diuretics to reduce fluid buildup, along with vestibular rehabilitation and antiemetics as needed.